The output voltage stability of a ceramic ozone tube power supply is a core indicator for ensuring ozone production and equipment reliability. Ensuring this stability requires a multi-dimensional approach, encompassing circuit design, material properties, control strategies, and protection mechanisms. As a core component, the ceramic ozone tube possesses high dielectric constant and strong insulation, but it requires a matching high-frequency, high-voltage power supply to operate efficiently. The output voltage stability of this power supply directly impacts ozone generation efficiency and equipment lifespan.
The circuit topology design of the high-frequency power supply is fundamental to stable output. Traditional self-excited circuits are gradually being phased out due to frequency drift and voltage fluctuations. Modern ceramic ozone tube power supplies generally employ externally excited circuits, using independent oscillators to generate stable high-frequency signals that drive power devices for precise control. For example, half-bridge or full-bridge inverter circuits can convert DC to high-frequency AC, which is then stepped up to several kilovolts by a high-voltage transformer, creating a uniform electric field to excite ozone generation. This type of circuit structure reduces voltage fluctuations at the source by fixing the switching frequency and duty cycle.
Power factor correction (PFC) technology is a crucial element in improving voltage stability. When mains power is input, the current waveform is easily distorted by rectification and filtering, leading to a decrease in the power factor (typically below 0.7). This not only increases the burden on the power grid but also causes voltage drops. The PFC circuit dynamically adjusts the input current phase to synchronize it with the voltage waveform, raising the power factor to above 0.97 while simultaneously outputting a stable DC bus voltage (e.g., 375V). This process not only reduces harmonic interference but also provides a constant energy source for the subsequent inverter circuit, avoiding output anomalies caused by input fluctuations.
The design and manufacturing process of the high-frequency transformer directly affect voltage transmission accuracy. Ceramic ozone tubes require a specific combination of peak voltage (Vpp) and frequency to achieve efficient discharge: the higher the frequency, the lower the critical corona initiation voltage, but excessively high Vpp will accelerate the aging of the ceramic dielectric and even cause breakdown. Therefore, the transformer needs to use a nanocrystalline or amorphous alloy core to reduce high-frequency losses, and simultaneously optimize leakage inductance through segmented winding technology to make the output voltage waveform closer to a sine wave, reducing harmonic content. In addition, transformer insulation materials must have a high withstand voltage rating (e.g., above 10kV) to prevent voltage collapse caused by high-voltage breakdown.
A closed-loop feedback control system is the core of dynamically maintaining voltage stability. Output parameters are monitored in real time through current sensors and voltage sampling circuits, and the data is fed back to a PI regulator or digital signal processor (DSP) to dynamically adjust the switching frequency and duty cycle of the inverter circuit. For example, when the load changes or the grid voltage fluctuates, the system can respond quickly, correcting the output voltage within milliseconds to ensure it remains stable near the set value. Some high-end power supplies also incorporate soft-start technology, gradually increasing the voltage to avoid current surges during cold starts, further extending equipment lifespan.
Multiple protection mechanisms are the last line of defense against voltage anomalies. The overvoltage protection circuit monitors the output voltage in real time via a comparator. Once the voltage exceeds a threshold (e.g., 110% of the rated value), it immediately triggers the IGBT to turn off or activates the bleeder resistor to pull the voltage back to a safe range. Overcurrent protection detects the primary side current to prevent the transformer or ceramic tube from burning out due to overload. Furthermore, temperature protection, short-circuit protection, and other modules provide comprehensive monitoring of the equipment status, preventing cascading damage caused by a single fault.
The output voltage stability of the ceramic ozone tube power supply is achieved through circuit topology optimization, PFC technology, high-frequency transformer design, closed-loop feedback control, and multiple protection mechanisms. These technologies not only improve ozone generation efficiency and equipment reliability but also provide stable gas supply support for industrial water treatment, air purification, and medical disinfection. With advancements in power electronics technology and materials science, future ceramic ozone tube power supplies will develop towards higher frequencies and higher power densities, further driving innovation in ozone application technology.
